Car-roof.



J. J. HOFFMAN.

GAR ROOF.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 28, 1913.

Iatented Feb. 10, 1914.

UNITED STATES r t'rnn'r OFFICE.

JOHN J. HOFFMAN, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOB, I BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, T P. H. MURPHY COMPANY, OF PARNASSUS, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPO- RATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

CAR-ROOF.

To all whom it "my concern Be itv known that l, Joun J. TIOFFMAN, a citizen of the United States. and a resident of the city of Pittsburgh. in the county of -Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful improvement in Car-Roofs, of which the follmving is a specification.

This invention relates to car roofs and more particularly to outside metal roofs.

It has for its principal objects to produce a waterproof interlocking side seam or joint for the roof sheets which is sutliciently flexible andtresilien't to permit. movementof the roof sheets to compensate for the weaving and racking motion of the substructure; and to attain certain advantages which will hereinafter more fully appear.

The invention consists in the parts and in the arrangements and combinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

in the accompanying drawing, which forms part of this specification, and wherein like symbols refer to like parts wherever they occur, Figure 1 is a top plan view of a roof sheet having its side marginal portions arral'iged according to the invention; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the eaves end portion of a root sheet and a side View of the ridge end portion of another sheet, illustrating the relative arrangement of the respective marginal seam portions which are adapted for slidable interlocking engagement; Fig. 3 is a section bu the line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is av section through the seam; and Fig. 5 is an end View showing a modification of the seam.

The roof sheets 1 may be arranged in desirable manner at the eaves ends thereof.

10 Said sheets may be adapted for a radial or curved arched root and extendcontinuously across the car from caves to eaves, or, as shownin the drawings. they may be of the type adapted for a ridge roof and extend only from the caves to the ridge.

The ridge end portion of the sheet illustrated is flanged upward, as at and reboot. outward and downward, as at 3, and the eaves end portion of the sheet is turned under and spaced from the body portion, as at 4; but, obviously, the ridge and eaves end formation may be varied at pleasure as the Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 28, 1913.

Patented Feb. 10, 1914. Serial No. 764,046.

specific form and arrangement constitutes no particular part of the present invention. 1 One of the side margins of the sheet shown in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, is flanged upward, as at Ii, and rebcnt inward and downward, as at 6, said portion (3 terminating some distance above the body of the sheet and being spaced from the upstanding portion 5; and said. portion 6 may either hang parallel with said portion 5 or be inclinedaway from it, as shown. The opposite marginal portion of the sheet is flanged upward, as at 7, and rehent outward and downward, as at 8. It is again rehent inward and upward, as-at 9, and then rebent back upoh said portion 0, as at it), thus producing an upstanding tongue comprising a double thickness of the metal; said tongue being bent over close to the portion 8 so as to normally contact there with or at least provide a restricted throat 11 corresponding approximately to and preferably less than the thickness of the metal sheet. The edge portion of this tongue is preferably curved correspondingly to the bend. of the metal between the portions 5 and 6 of the opposite margin of the sheet,

and the tongue terminates nearly midway between the portions 7 and 8, as at 12.

In assembling the sheets on the roof they are slid .endwise into engagement. That is, the ma mal portion 6 of the one sheet is slipper. oetween the port-ion 8 and tongue 9, 10, of the adjoining sheet, said portion 6 being thereby. clamped in the region of the bond which connects it with tie upstanding portion By this arrangement a normally tight joint is had, yet there is uflicient flexibility and resiliency in the metal to permit movement of the'sheets so as to compensate for the motion of the-substructnre.

Preferahiy the height of the bend between the portions 5 and 6 is such that the adjacent body portion of the sheet is supported by the tongue 9, 10, of the adjoining sheet a slight distance above the substructure, thereby further insuring a contact witlnthe tongue in the event it is sprung so far away from the part 8 that the portion 6 will not he clamped. So, too, by this arrangement, there is a pivotal connection between the marginal portions of the two adjoining sheets which permits considerable movement of the sheets without any appreciable distortion of the seam portions. It is also preferable to extend the free marginal por tion of the sheet outward and downward from the portion 10, as at 13, the edge of said portion 13 terminating in a plane not higher than the body of the sheet, so as to provide a'flange or lip which is adapted to bear upon the top face of the adjoining sheet. That is, said lip 13 is bent down at such an inclination that when the sheets are assembled, the lip is in constant contact with the adjoining sheet, even when the sheets are in movement. In this wayihe contact is also constant in the region of the margin of the upstanding tongue. Hence it is practically impossible for any water to bedriven, even forcibly. between the lip '13 and the body of the sheet; and if any water should 'get under the lip 13 and into the space 14 between the flange 5 and tongue, 9. 10, the area of said space is so much greater than the opening through which the water entered, that the water will be readily con-- ducted off.

- If the water should back up in the space 1 14, it is not. liable to seep between the porj the structure herein first set forth.

tion 6 and contacting tongue 9, 1!); but in I any water does get by this point, the

around the edge of the portion 6 and up be tween said portions (3 and when its flow is again blocked owing to the close contact of 1 the portions 0 and 8 near the topof the seam. Hence, the water will be conducted oil in the gutter provided by the space 153 in T the region of the margin of said portion 3 Therefore, leakage is prevented. as it is practically impossible for water to reach the space 15 or at least not beyond it, even 1 under most severe service conditions.

In order to facilitate joining the sheets, i

the marginal portions 7 and at the ridge between them, as at il the end of the por- 1 pressed away from the portion 8 and the sheets easily slid into engagement, the rounding or heveling of the corners l9 and 20 of the sheets facilitating the initial engagement.

In the modification shown in Fig. 50f the drawing, the underlying margin of the one sheet is turned up, as at 5, similarly to part 5 of the structure hereinbefore described, but the downturned portion 6 terminates in a plane much higher than the portion 6.-

The overlying marginal portion of the adjoining sheet is turned up, as at 7*, then outward and downward, as at 8 whence it is bent outward and rebent, as at 13*, to pro vide a flange or lip whose function is the same as the portion 13 in the other structure. The extreme marginal portion is then struck up close to the portion 8, as at 9, and preferably rebent, as at 10 thereby providing a tongue similar to the tongue 9, 10. In this modification, the portion (3 is slipped between the tongue 9* and portion 8" and thereby clamped or supported, while the flange or lip 13 presses on the adjacent body portion of the adjoining sheet; the only feature lacking being the gutter or space 15 of How ever, the shortness of the downturned porv tion (i and the space between the portion 5 quantity will be small and it Still has to pass Q and the portion 7 and tongue 9' and the resilience of the metal permits considerable relative movement of the sheets.

()lwiously, the construction and arrange inept of the sheetsJnay be modified considerably without departing from the invention. 'lheret'ore. I do not wish to be limited to any specilic construction and arrangement shown.

What I claim is:

l. A sheet tor car roofs having one of its marginal portions flanged upward and rebcnt inward and downward, said flanged y up and rcbent portions being spaced apart, end are cut back in the region of the bend i s oppo ite marginal portion being flanged upward and rebent outward and downward, said last-mentioned flanged up and rebent portions being spaced farther apart than those at opposite side of the shoet,'tlie second-mentioned marginal portion of the sheet beyond the downturned portion being formed to provide an upstanding tongue in the space between said downturned portion i and the adjacent flanged up portion, the free one sheet is brought in close proximity to? of thetongue 9, 10, of the other sheet and l pressed against it. The tongue ma thus be marginal portion oi said tongue lying close to said downturned portion and having its extremity bent toward said flanged up por-- 'serondunentinned marginal portion of the the opposite side of the sheet the marginal said lust--meutionml {lunged in: and when portions being spaweii further :ipurtthen; those at the iippufilln rude of tin aha-vet. the

sheet bey nd the downturnvd 3'' lion being formed to provide an. upntunding imzgue be tween said downturned portion and the rid-- jacent flanged up portion. the tree marginal portion of Quid tongue lying me to euid downturned portion and the bend eminenting it with said flanged up porton, and u lip extending outward iroi'n uualer uiinl tongue and ud iurent (lownturiwi portion and terminating in i: plane not higher than the body of the sheet.

3. A sheet or our roofs ha ing one oi its marginal orlmns, flanged upward and bent inwa d haul dowuw :1 rd. said Hungeilnp and dowi'itiiruei'i p riiio Ewing spared upnrt and the edge or said downtiune l purl ion iei' Initiating short of the, body portion, tin opposite marginal portion of the eheat being flanged upward and rebent outward and downward said l%!?-'t-!1Zt2 i(fllt?(iililllgifli up and downturnod porllonu being spared fin ther apart than those in. the Ullj'iOtEil/J side of the sheet and the bond between euiil flanged u and downturnvli poriioi being all a higher elevation than the eori'espoiuling bend at said opposite side of the sheet, Mild last-mentioned downturned portion terminating above the body of the short, but lower than the edge of said downli liile'i prn'tion ut the opposite side of the sheet, t ln' marginal portionof the si ieet lioyoiul :uiid hint-men above the highs-st point oi {hr bond between the flanged up and downtu nrd portions at l the opposite side of the sheer 4. A rent for our 1 inning one of marginzis portions flung-ed upward and rrbent. inward and downward, said flanged up and dowi'iturned portions being 'spuoed apart, and the edge of said dmrntnrnelii porl tion terminating short of the body portion, the opposite marginal portion of the sheet being flanged upward and rebent outward and downward, said lasbmentioned flanged up and downturned portions being spaced farther a )art than those at the opposite sidiof the sheet and the bond between said flanged up and downturned portions being 1 at a higher elevation than the wrres 'ionding bend at said opposite side of the sheet, said last-mentioned downturne'd iortion terminating above the body of the sheet, mu lower than the edgi of said downt/urned portion in portion of the sheet beyond said hint-mew i ionrrd downturruul portion being formed to }H'U's'l l0-ii]1 upstanding tongue between Said d wnturned portion and the adjacent flanged up portion, the marginal portion of said long-lie lying close to said downturned portion and the bend connecting it with said flanged up poriioin its higheot point being above the highest point of the bond between the flanged up and downturneil portions ill the opposite rude of the shoot, and a lip extending outward and at n downward inclination from under said (iUWIll ll'llWl portion and terminating in a plane not higher than the body of the shoot,

A roof sheet having one of its side H1211- giuul portions {lunged upward and then rebeu'i inward runl downward, the edge of said downlurned portion terminating short of the body portion. the opposite side marginal portion of the sheer being flanged up 5 word and then relwul, outward and downward and again rebent inward and upward from a plane below the edge of the first mentioned dowiuurn d nnirginzil portion of the sheet to provide an upstanding tongue, the free edge portion of said trmgue lying close to the adjacent downturned portion of the sheet, and the lower portion of said tongue beiu spaced therefrom.

(3. A roof sheet having one of its side marginal portionu flanged upward and then rebent inward and down urd, the edge of said downturned portion terminating short of the body portion, the opposite side marginal portion of the sheet being flanged upward and then rebrnt outward and downward and again rebent inward and upward from :i plane below the edge of the iirstunentioned downturned marginal portion of the sheet and then burl; upon the inner side of said iusbmentioned upturned portion to provide :1 tongue whose free edge portion lies close to the uiijzn'rnn'l downturnod portion of the shew, the extreme marginal portion of the sheet extending out from under said lastmentioned downturnml portion and terminailing in :1 plane not liigluuthan the body of the shoot.

7. A roof sheet huving one of its sido'mnn ginul iortionu [lunged upward and then rebem; inward and downward, the edge of said downturned portion terminating short of the body portion, the ()PPUSitQ side marginal portion of tho shout boing flanged upward and then rvlient outwurd and downward, the upper bend om-urring in :1 plane higher than that of tho vorrenpomling bend at the oppouito side of the eheot, and again robi-nt' inward and upward, the lust bend being in a plane lower than the edge of the downturned portion at the opposite side of the sheet, said lustunentionod upturned portion terminating close flanged up portion and downturned portion ,that of the corresponding bend at the opposite side ot the sheet, and again rebent inplane lower than the edge of the downturned standing tongue under said downtnrned porand also in a plane above the upper bend at l the opposite side of the sheet.

A roof sheet having one at its side mar ginal portions flanged upward and then re bent inward and. downward, the edge of said downturned portion terminating short of the i body portion, the opposite side marginal 1 portion of the sheet being flanged upward and then rebent outward and downward,the 1 upper bend occurring in a plane higher than ward and upward, the last bend being in ti portion at the opposite side of the sheet, said last-1nentioned upturned portion terminating close to the bend which connects the adjacent flanged-up portion and downturned portion and also in a plane above the upper bend at the opposite side of the sheet, said sheet being bent. down a ainst the inner vtace of said last-mentioned upstanding portion and the extreme marginal portion of the sheet. extending outward thereunder at an inclination and terminating in a plane not. higher than the bod 3 of the sheet.

9. in a car roof, adjoining metal sheets having upstanding flanges along their contiguous margins, said flanges being rebent and interlocked to form yielding waterproof seams, the marginal flange of the one sheet being bent inward and downward and terminating short: of the body of the sheet, said flanged up and (lownturned portions being spaced apart, and the flange of the ad joining sheet being bent outward and down ward over said lla; go up and downturned portions of said fi'sl' mentioned sheet, and being further formed to provide an uption of said firstmentioned sheet, the mar ginal portion of said tongue being arranged and adapted to hold the adjoining sheets in the region of the bends connecting the flanged up and downturned marginal portion in close relation, the cooperating marginal portions of the sheets being otherwise spaced to permit relative movement of the sheets.

10. In a car roof, adjoining metal sheets having upstanding flanges along their con tiguous margins, said flanges being rebent and interlocked to form yielding waterproof seams, the marginal flange of the one sheet being bent inward and down ward and terminating short of the body of the sheet, said flanged. up and downturned portions being spaced apart, and the flange of the adjoining sheet being bent outward and downward over Said flanged up and downturned portions of said lirst-mentioned sheet, and being further formed to provide an upstanding tongue under said drmnturned portion of said first-mentioned sheet, the marginal portion of said tongue being arranged and adapted to hold the adjoining 1 sheets in the region of the bends connecting the fltltlgtfd up and downtnrned marginal portions in close relation, and a lip extending out from under said tongue and adjacent downturned portion and bearing upon the adjacent. body portion ol the adjoining sheet, the cooperating marginal portions of the sheets being otherwise spaced to permit relative movement of the sheets.

11. in a car root, adjoining metal sheets having upstanding flanges along their con tiguous margins, said flanges being-reload and interloclnnl to form yielding Waterproof seams, the marginal flange oi the one l sheet being bent inward and downward and terminating short of the body of the sheet, said flanged up and downturned portions be ing spaced apart, and the flange of the adjoining sheet. being bent outward and downward over said flanged up and downturned portions of said first-mentioned sheet, and being further formed to provide an upstanding tongue under said downiurned portion of said first-meinioned sheet, the marginal portion of said tongue being arranged and adapted to support the adjoining sheet in the. region of the bend connecting its flanged up and downturned marginal portion and also hold the adjacent ,nirtions of the two sheets in close relation, and a lip extending out from under said tongue and adjacent downturncd portion and bearing upon the adjacent body portion of the adjoining sheet, the eoiiperating marginal portions of the sheets being otherwise spaced to permit rela-- tive movement of the sheets.

12. In a car roof, interlocking roof sheets. one of said sheets having its side marginal portion flanged upward and then rebent in ward and downward, the edge of said downturned portion terminatiin short of the body portion of said sheet, said flanged up and downturned portions being spaced apart, the second sheet having its side marginal portion flanged upward and then rebent outward and downward, said flanged up and downturned portions of said second sheet being spaced farther apart than the flanged up and downturned portions of the first sheet, said marginal portion of the second sheet being again rebent inward and up ward from a plane below the edge of the downturned marginal portion of the first sheet to provide an upstanding tongue, said tongue being spaced from the adjacent downtnrncd portion of the first sheet in the region of the bend which connects said tongue to the downturned portion of the second sheet, and the free. edge portion of said tongue lying close to the adjacent portion of the first sheet.

13. A roof sheet having one of its side marginal portions flanged upward and then rebent. inward and l'lownward, the edge of said downturned portion terminating short of the body portion, said flanged up and downturned portions being spaced apart, the opposite side marginal portion of the sheet being flanged upward and. then rebent outward and downward, said last-mentioned flanged up and downturned portions being spaced farther apart than said firstsmentinned flanged up and downturned portions, said second-mentioned marginal portion of the sheet being again rebent inward and ii 'iwardfrom a plane below the edge of said first-nientioned downturned marginal portion and then back upon the inner side of said last-mentioned upturned portion to pro ride an upstanding tongue,-said tongue be ing spaced from the adjacent downturned portion of the sheet in the region of the bend which connects it thereto and the free edge portion of said tongue lying close to said adjacent downturned portion, and the extreme marginal portion of the sheet ex tending outward and tern'iinating in a plane not higher than the body of the sheet.

14. A car roof comprising a multiplicity of adjoining metal-sheets connected by up standing waterproof seams, said seams being formed by fian-ging the marginal portion of the one sheet upward and then rebending it inward and downward, the edge of the sheet terminating short of the body portion, and flanging upward the adjacent marginal portion of the adjoining sheet and then rebending it outward and downward, and again rebending it upward from a plane below the edge of the downturned portion of said first-i'nentioned sheet to provide an upstanding tongue, and the free edge portion of said tongue lying close tocthe adjacent downturned portion of its sheet with its extremity extending part way around the bend toward the flanged. up portion, the downturned marginal portion of said firstnientioned-sheet being inserted between said tongue and the adjacent downturned portion of said secondanentioned sheet.

15. A car roof comprising a multiplicity of adjoining metal sheets connected by upstanding waterproof seams, said seamszbeing formed by flanging the marginal por tion of the one sheet upward and then rebending it inward and downward, the edge of the sheet terminating short of the body portion, and flanging upward the adjacent marginal portion of the adjoining sheet and then rebending it outward and downward, and again rebending it upward from a plane below the ed e of the downturned portion of said first-mentioned sheet and then back upon the inner side of said lastmentioned upturned portion to provide an upstanding tongue, the free mar ginal portion of said tongue lying close to the ad acent downturned portion of its sheet,

and the extreme marginal portion of said one of said flanges being bent up from the roof covering and having'its upper margin turned inwardly and terminating in a down turned lip spaced above said roof covering, the other of said interlocked flanges covering said first flange and having its margin doubled. back upon itself and the doubled portion hooked under said lip with its free edge projecting from under said lip and in contact with said roof covering, the fit of said flanges maintaining said free edgein contact with said roof covering.

17. In a metal covering for car roofs, a flexible joint comprising an under flange and a cover flange interlocked therewith, said underfiange having an upright portion supported from the roof covering with its upper edge bent over the roofcovering and terminating in a downturned lip, and said cover flange having a portion covering said under flange and terminating/in contact with said roof covering adjacent to said lip, an

intermediate portion of said cover flange be ing doubledunder said lip, the extremity of said doubled portion being turned up against the under side of the turned over edge of said under flange, whereby said fiangesare maintained in close contact at two points along their under sides throughout their length.

18. A sheet for car roofs having one of its marginal portions flanged upward and rebent inward and downward, said flanged up and rebent portions being spaced apart.

its opposite marginal portion being flanged upward and rebent outward and downward, said last-mentioned flanged up and rebent portions being spaced farther apart than those at the opposite side of the sheet, the

second'm'entioned marginal portion of the sheet beyond the downturned portion being folded under said downturned portion to provide an inturned tongue below said downturned portion and intending toward said flanged up portion, and a lip extending outward from under said tongue and adjacent 'downturned portion and terminating in a plane not big er than the body of the Sheet.

.19. In a metal covering for carr0ofs,-a.

flexible joint comprising. an under flange and" a cover flange interlocked therewith, said under flange having an upright portion supported from the roof covering with its upper edge bent over the roof covering and terminating in a downturned lip, and said cover flange having a portion covering said under flange and terminating in contact with said roof covering adjacent to said lip, an intermediate portion of said cover flange being doubled under said lip, and having its extremity turned up, whereby said flanges Signed at St. Louis, Mo., this 26th day of April, 1913.

JOHN J. HOFFMAN.

Witnesses:

G. A. PENNINGTON, M. A. SHEL'roN. 

